25th Congress of the APSR

Emerging Talent Symposia (ETS)

• ETS 1

  Lung development and regeneration

  Session summary: The number of patients with severe lung diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, interstitial pneumonia, and COPD is increasing and there is a growing demand for lung regeneration. In recent years, researches on lung development and regeneration were remarkably progressed and lung regeneration is no longer a dream while it is still challenging. In this session, we invited three young world-leading researchers to overview the fundamental mechanisms of lung development and regeneration. We also would like to discuss about cutting edge technologies to explore this research filed such as single-cell sequencing and blastocyst complementation.

  Chairs: Tatsuya Nagano (Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  Mitsuru Morimoto (RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Japan)

  1. Lung development and regeneration
     Mitsuru Morimoto (RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Japan)
  2. Genetic and cellular mechanisms that underlie the complex orchestration of alveolar morphogenesis
     Nan Tang (National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China)
  3. Advances in human lung generation
     Munemasa Mori (Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, USA)
• ETS 2

  Potential platforms for understanding the mechanism of lung diseases

  Session summary: There have been limited platforms for elucidating the mechanism of lung diseases, because of the difficulty to recapitulate and analyze the functions of lung constituent cells in experimental settings. However, recent technological breakthroughs push this field forward to be more comprehensive and practical for community. In this session, we introduce synergistic combinations of imaging strategy, artificial intelligence, in silico simulation, stem cells, genome editing or microfluidics devices, leading to the new paradigm of lung research. Advances of cell and molecular biology of the lung are the expected area these days and we wish that our research progress would be beneficial for society.

  Chairs: Shimpei Gotoh (Kyoto University, Japan)
  Elisa Herawati (Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia)

  1. iPS cell-based disease modelling of primary ciliary dyskinesia
     Naoyuki Sone
     (Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan)
  2. Fast AI-Enabled Cell Tracking and Migration Analysis for High-Throughput Drug Screening
     Alphons R Gwatimba (Telethon Kids Institute, Australia)
  3. In vivo and in vitro models of functional airway epithelium
     Elisa Herawati (Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia)
• ETS 3

  Insights into pathophysiology of respiratory illnesses
  The pathophysiological findings from COVID-19

  Session summary: Human “common cold” coronaviruses (HCoV) have epitopes with cross-reactivity to the homologous in SARS-CoV-2, causing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with chronic as well as acute lung disorders, especially after moderate to severe pneumonia. Since many people likely have experienced infections with one of HCoV strain, extensively explored findings from clinical features of pulmonary sequelae and pathophysiology of COVID-19 during the global pandemic may give us insights on mechanisms underlying respiratory diseases or conditions with unknown causes. In this session, a comprehensive review of the current literature on post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae, pathophysiology during acute COVID-19 infection from clinical findings will be introduced and opened up for discussion.

  Chairs: Masaki Yamamoto (Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan)
  Yen Hsiang Huang (Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan)

  1. COVID-19 Lung Sequelae: Clinical Updates
     Matsuo So (Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA)
  2. The pathophysiological findings from COVID-19
     Masaki Yamamoto (Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan)
• ETS 4

  Prognosis of interstitial lung diseases

  Session summary: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. These include connective tissue disease-associated ILD, fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and unclassifiable ILD. In each ILD, predicting the behavior and progression of the disease is important for treatment management decisions. In recent years, several biomarkers have been proposed in clinical trials to predict the course of ILD. In this symposium, we will focus on the following points. Prognosis of acute exacerbation on ILD. Prognosis of ILD associated with systemic sclerosis. Prognosis of ILD associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

  Chairs: Kensuke Kataoka (Tosei General Hospital, Japan)
  Nicole S Goh (Austin Hospital, Australia)

  1. Prognosis of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung diseases
     Kensuke Kataoka (Tosei General Hospital, Japan)
  2. Prognosis of interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis
     Nicole S Goh (Austin Hospital, Australia)
  3. Prognosis of interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis
     Song Yee Kim (Yonsei Univerisity College of Medicine, Republic of Korea)
• ETS 5

  Up-to-date knowledge of management of NTM pulmonary disease

  Session summary: NTM pulmonary diseases, especially MAC and M. abscessus species, have increased and have become a significant public health issue in Asian Pacific countries. Treatment of NTM pulmonary disease should be based on the "ATS/ERS/ECSMID/IDSA clinical guideline." Furthermore, care providers need to understand the clinical phenotypes and natural course of NTM pulmonary disease because the patients' characteristics are different in the countries, and it needs a customized approach in each clinical setting. Dr Asakura will present the results of cluster analyses of the Japanese NTM and BE registry. Dr Jo will teach us how to follow the patients based on each clinical phenotype. Lastly, Dr Burke will summarize the current standard and tell us the future treatment strategies of this disease.

  Chairs: Kozo Morimoto (Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Japan)
  Jing Zhang (Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China)

  1. Clinical phenotype of bronchiectasis with NTM pulmonary disease. The story in Japan
     Takanori Asakura (Keio University School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Natural course of NTM pulmonary disease. When to start treatment to whom?
     Kyung-Wook Jo (University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea)
  3. Treatment of NTM pulmonary disease. Current recommendation and future direction
     Andrew Burke (The Prince Charles Hospital, Australia)
• ETS 6

  Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in adult: the early origins of adult lung disease

  Session summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic respiratory disease occurring in approximately 10-30% of preterm infants especially born before 28 weeks of gestation. The mortality rate of infants with BPD has improved over the past three decades owing to the progress of neonatal intensive care. Conversely, the prevalence of BPD has been increasing because of the trend toward high-risk pregnancies and extremely lower birth weights. Adults born preterm with BPD show impaired lung function, bronchial asthma, emphysema, or pulmonary fibrosis. It is thus important to share the pathophysiology of BPD as the early origins of adult lung disease. In the present session, BPD will be discussed from the neonatologist’s, the pathologist’s, and the pulmonologist’s points of view.

  Chairs: Chiharu Ota (Tohoku University Hospital, Japan)
  Shannon J Simpson (Telethon Kid Institute, Australia)

  1. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-from the neonatologist’s point of view
     Fumihiko Namba (Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Japan)
  2. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-from the pathologist’s point of view
     Ryoko Saito-Koyama (Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  3. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-from the pulmonologist’s point of view
     Shannon J Simpson (Telethon Kid Institute, Australia)
• ETS 7

  CPAP adherence across the world

  Session summary: CPAP has been established as a standard therapy for patients with OSA. However, important clinical issues to be solved include its poor acceptance and adherence. According to a large body of previous studies, CPAP adherence has been reported 40-80% depending on the study. In 2008, the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the CPAP adherence threshold for the first 90 days to continue to use CPAP under insurance coverage, which is ≥4 hrs of use on 70% of nights. Different from the US, other countries have their own health insurance system. Thus, we have to know CPAP adherence data in various countries. Additionally, it is helpful to know the strategies to improve CPAP adherence in each country.

  Based on this background, the purpose of this symposium is to address issues related to CPAP adherence and strategy to improve CPAP adherence such as telemedicine across the world.

  Chairs: Motoo Yamauchi (Nara Medical University, Japan)
  Naricha Chirakalwasan (Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand)

  1. Real World Data for CPAP adherence in Japan
     Eriko Hamada (Nara Medical University, Japan)
  2. Efficacy of a telemonitoring system in CPAP therapy
     Worawat Chumpangern (Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen university, Thailand)
  3. Real world data for CPAP adherence in the US
     Sanjay R Patel (University of Pittsburgh, USA)
• ETS 8

  Multidisciplinary approaches for pleural effusions

  Session summary: Pleural effusion has differential diagnoses, which includes malignant pleural effusion (i.e., lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma, and pleural metastasis from other organs), tuberculous pleuritis or empyema/parapneumonic effusion caused by other bacteria, and benign transudative effusion because of hypoalbuminemia and heart or renal failure. Thus, multidisciplinary approaches for pleural effusion are imperative for rapid diagnosis. Here, we present the useful methods for evaluating the etiologies for pleural effusions using by ultrasound and fluid parameters.

  Chairs: Takeshi Saraya (Kyorin University School of Medicine, Japan)
  Hoang Anh Duc (Respiratory Center – Bach Mai hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam)

  1. Clinical Features and Prognosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pleuritis
     Kazuma Yagi (Keio University School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Diagnostic method for malignant pleural effusion distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from lung cancer using pleural carcinoembryonic antigen and hyaluronic acid levels
     Takeshi Saraya (Kyorin University School of Medicine, Japan)
  3. Ultrasound for respiratory disorders: Pleural effusions, Covid-19, and more
     Taro Minami (Care New England Medical Group, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA)
• ETS 9

  Frontiers in pulmonary hypertension

  Session summary: The pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is wide-ranging and associate with intricately intertwined mechanisms. There have been a lot of things to clarify in the field which could lead to improved prognosis of PH. This symposium will ask three expert speakers to give special lectures on the latest clinical findings and research of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease-PH, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Through this symposium with their lectures, the so-called “frontier”, we would like to have lively discussions with all that would contribute to the bright future of PH treatment.

  Chairs: Ayako Shigeta (Chiba University, Japan)
  Kuo Yang Wang (China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan)

  1. Inflammatory biomarkers and characteristics in Japanese CTEPH patients
     Akira Naito (Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan)
  2. Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung diseases
     Ping-Hung Kuo (National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan)
  3. Is Nintenidab Effective as a Treatment for Pulmonary Hypertension? -Pros and Cons-
     Tetsutaro Nagaoka (Juntendo University, Japan)
• ETS 10

  Basophils and mast cells in airway diseases

  Session summary: Basophils and mast cells have high-affinity receptor for IgE and have been recognized as allergy-associated cells. However, recent studies have revealed unique aspects of basophils and mast cells in chronic inflammatory diseases beyond IgE-mediated inflammation. In this session, we will focus on the impact of both cells in asthma and COPD. In the ILC2-dependent asthma model, basophils cooperate with ILC2 to exacerbate eosinophilic inflammation. Whereas, in the COPD model, basophils contribute to the development of emphysema. Sputum genetic analysis is a promising method to detect rare cells and may open new horizons for understanding the role of basophils and mast cells in human diseases.

  Chairs: Keiko Wakahara (Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  Hiroki Kabata (Keio University School of Medicine, Japan)

  1. Basophils in COPD
     Sho Shibata (Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan)
  2. Sputum mast cell/basophil gene expression in severe asthma
     Michael Fricker (University of Newcastle, Australia)
  3. ILC2 and basophils in asthma
     Takahiro Matsuyama (Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan)
• ETS 11

  Mitochondria in lung disease

  Session summary: Mitochondria are a distinguishing organelle of eukaryotic cells. Although best known for their critical role in energy production via oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondria are also essential for regulating critical cellular processes, such as cell death and inflammation, and are hotspots for reactive oxygen species production. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern that can drive molecular processes leading to inflammatory responses. In this symposium, we will invite young investigators whose research focuses on mitochondria as pro-pathogenic mediators in lung disease. Their lectures will highlight the latest trends in this field and discuss the involvement of mitochondria as well as mtDNA in the pathogenesis of lung diseases.

  Chair: Kenji Mizumura (Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan)
  Jin Woo Song (Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea)

  1. Mitochondria in COPD
     Kenji Mizumura (Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Mitochondria in IPF
     Jin Woo Song (Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea)
  3. Mitochondrial DNA in lung disease
     Suzanne Cloonan (Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland and Weill Cornell Medicine, USA)
• ETS 12

  Minding Sex/ Gender as a Biological Variable in Lung Disease

  Session summary: The sex-based difference in terms of risk for diseases, epidemiology, phenotypes, and clinical outcomes has been consistently observed yet fully understood or acknowledged. ETS12 provides scientific aspects of sex-based differences and approaches in various lung diseases, mainly focusing on asthma, COPD, and interstitial pneumonia.

  This session aims to deepen the knowledge of sex/gender in medicine and address the importance of including sex/gender in biomedical research. The target audience of this session is scientists, clinical researchers, clinicians, medical students, and any other respiratory care team members who are involved in patient care and clinical/scientific research.

  Chairs: Mari Hikichi (Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan)
  Annalicia Vaughan (Centenary UTS Center for Inflammation, Australia)

  1. Intrstitial pneumonia
     Mari Hikichi (Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Sex-based difference in disease behavior of COPD and asthma
     Fanny Wai San Ko (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
  3. Importance of including sex and gender in biomedical research
     Neeloffer Mookherjee (University of Manitoba, Canada)
• ETS 13

  Secondary Infections in COVID-19 patients

  Session summary: This session features the characteristics of secondary infections in COVID-19 by integrating speakers from Japan, Thailand and India. We will present the frequency and microbiological characteristics of secondary bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure, derived from the largest national registry database, COVIREGI-JP in Japan. The experience of a large number of HIV-positive COVID-19 patients in Thailand will also provide insight into the management and concerns of immunocompromised COVID-19 patients. The mucormycosis epidemic in COVID-19 patients resulting in high morbidity and mortality in India will share the clinical characteristics on this patient population, tips for diagnosis, and treatment.

  Chairs: Kazuko Yamamoto (Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan)
  Romanee Chaiwarith (Chiang Mai University, Thailand)

  1. Bacterial and fungal infection in COVID-19 patients- experience from Japan
     Kazuko Yamamoto (Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan)
  2. Secondary infections in HIV-positive COVID-19 patients
     Romanee Chaiwarith (Chiang Mai University, Thailand)
  3. Mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients- experience from India
     Atul K Patel (infectious Diseases Clinic, Ahmedabad, India)
• ETS 14

  Various aspects of asthma

  Session summary: In this symposium, we would like to discuss asthma from various aspects. Although many asthma patients benefit from inhaled corticosteroids therapy, some patients who has steroid-resistant asthma do not. Firstly, we would like to discuss the mechanism of steroid-resistant asthma. In addition, neutrophil airway inflammation is considered to be involved in steroid-resistant asthma, and respiratory microbiome analysis is an important potential contributor to treatable traits approach. Finally, we would like to learn a role of regulatory B cells to dampen the allergic immune response in patients with asthma.

  Chairs: Norihiro Harada (Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  Takashi Iwanaga (Kindai University Hospital, Japan)

  1. Steroid-resistant asthma
     Tomohito Takeshige  (Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Microbiome in asthma
     Steven L Taylor (South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia)
  3. Regulatory and IgE + B cells in asthma
     John-Paul Oliveria (McMaster University, Canada)
• ETS 15

  From the Bench of Young Basic Researchers - Development of New Therapeutic Targets for Pulmonary Hypertension

  Session summary: In recent years, many drugs targeting endothelin, nitric oxide, and prostacyclin pathways have been used to treat pulmonary hypertension (PH), and treatment outcomes have improved dramatically. However, the prognosis of patients who are refractory to these drugs remains poor. In addition, these drugs do not have sufficient effect on advanced vascular remodeling. Therefore, new approaches other than vasodilators are required to elucidate the pathogenesis and treatment of PH. In this session, we will invite young investigators on PH to report their latest research from the bench. We look forward to a lively discussion that is not bound by existing concepts.

  Chairs: Sachiko Kuriyama (Juntendo University, Japan)
  Lei Wang (Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China)

  1. Periostin contribute to the development of vascular remodeling via enhanced M2 macrophage migration in pulmonary arterial hypertension
     Takashi Yoshida (Juntendo University, Japan)
  2. The role of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and its possible mechanism
     Lei Wang (Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China)
  3. Gut microbiota in pulmonary hypertension
     Takayuki Jujo (Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan)
• ETS 16

  Microenvironment in lung: The Disruption of Homeostasis in Lung Disease

  Session summary: Since lung is always exposed to outside, the specific homeostatic mechanisms contributes to lung health. The repeated stimulation and aging process would bring cell dysfunction in lung, followed by disease initiation. In this session, we aim to show the lung disease pathogenesis in the point of microenvironment disorder, represented by cell-cell interaction and cell-cell communication.

  Chairs: Atsuyasu Sato (Kyoto University, Japan)
  Nakwon Kwak (Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea)

  1. Lung Regeneration and Microenvironment
     Atsuyasu Sato (Kyoto Uiniversity, Japan)
  2. COPD pathgoenesis and microenvironment
     Nakwon Kwak (Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea)
  3. Disease Pathogenesis and Microenvironment in IPF
     Rachel S Knipe (Massachusetts General Hospital, USA)
• ETS 17

  2nd line treatment for EGFR-positive NSCLC: beyond PD after osimertinib

  Session summary: The discovery of activating mutations in the EGFR gene and the development of EGFR-TKIs have led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Undoubtedly, the third-generation EGFR-TKI, osimertinib, has promising efficacy and is the mainstay of first line treatment. However, most patients become resistant to osimertinib and relapse; hence, reliable treatment beyond resistance after osimertinib is important for achieve a radical cure. In this session, we will summarize and provide the current status of treatment strategies after osimertinib resistance and the role of ICI for EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer. In addition, we will discuss the latest treatments expected from the perspective of acquired resistance mutation after treatment of osimertinib.

  Chairs: Yukari Tsubata (Shimane University, Japan)
  Fariz Nurwidya (University of Indonesia, Indonesia)

  1. Treatment for EGFR-positive NSCLC
     Motoko Tachihara (Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Role of ICI for EGFR-positive NSCLC
     Satoshi Ikeda (Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Japan)
  3. Acquired resistance mutation after treatment of osimertinib
     Fariz Nurwidya (University of Indonesia, Indonesia)
• ETS 18

  Comprehensive analysis with liquid biopsy on lung cancer

  Session summary: Liquid biopsy, especially with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has become widely applied in clinical settings in step with progress in innovative technologies such as next generation sequencing. The purposes of liquid biopsy range from identifying markers of tumor progression to investigating mechanisms of acquired or intrinsic resistance to agents of molecular targeted therapy. The former role is an alternative to tumor markers, and the latter is an innovative diagnostic tool that can be used to implement precision medicine. In this symposium, the significance of liquid biopsy on lung cancer and how to use the technique will be discussed based on the presentations by the specialists from various Asian countries.

  Chairs: Naoko Aragane (Saga University Hospital, Japan)
  Wang Chun Kwok (Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong)

  1. Clinical usefulness of NGS with liquid biopsy
     Chiho Nakashima (Saga University, Japan)
  2. Plasma EGFR mutation status by ddPCR in patients with suspectedlung canser-a prospective study in Hong Kong
     Lynn Yim Wah Shong (Kwong Wah Hospital, HKSAR, China)
  3. Comprehensive Analysis with liquid biopsy on lung cancer
     Luan Van Pham (108 Military Central Hospital, Vietnam)
• ETS 19

  Lung epithelial regeneration: the necessary approach for the future treatment of pulmonary fibrosis

  Session summary: Numerous clinical trials have been conducted over the last decades, resulting in approval of nintedanib and pirfenidone for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis now. However, these antifibrotic drugs do not restore the lung function in patients. Therefore, to develop a better therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis, this session will discuss current approaches that attempt to regenerate lung epithelial cells. This session will address the following topics: the models or platforms to study about epithelial regeneration of the lungs, the effect of ARV825 on lung epithelial regeneration, and the regulation of lung alveolar progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation by Gremlin.

  Chairs: Seidai Sato (Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan)
  Amornpun Wongkarnjana (King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand)

  1. Novel senolytic drug ARV-825 promotes self-renewal of alveolar type 2 cells in lung
     Seidai Sato (Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan)
  2. The models and platforms to study about epithelial regeneration of the lungs in lung fibrosis
     Harshana Bandara Lansakara Mudiyanselage (National Hospital for Respiratory Diseases-Welisara, Sri Lanka)
  3. Intrinsic BMP inhibitor Gremlin regulates lung alveolar progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation
     Toyoshi Yanagihara (Hamanomachi Hospital, Japan)
• ETS 20

  Chronic airway diseases revisited 2021

  Session summary: Currently, the overlapping and differential diagnosis of COPD and asthma is problematic and one of the hot topics in chronic airway diseases. In this context, the management based on treatable traits has been discussed. Another important chronic airway disease, bronchiectasis, has also been paid attention in recent years as evidence from disease registries and clinical trials has accumulated. Importantly, COPD and asthma can be accompanied by bronchiectasis. Therefore, it is now time to reconsider the chronic airway diseases comprehensively. In this symposium, current topics on COPD, asthma, bronchiectasis, and their overlaps will be discussed.

  Chairs: Masaru Suzuki (Hokkaido University, Japan)
  Hye Yun Park (Samsung Medical Center, Republic of Korea)

  1. Reconsideration of COPD, asthma, and their overlap
     Masaru Suzuki (Hokkaido University, Japan)
  2. Significance of eosinophils in COPD
     Hye Yun Park (Samsung Medical Center, Republic of Korea)
  3. Significance of bronchiectasis as a chronic airway disease
     Sei Won Lee (Asan Medical Center, Republic of Korea)
• ETS 21

  Management of lung cancer in the next decade

  Session summary: The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer have been developed dramatically in recent decades. Discovery of driver oncogenes and their specific inhibitors, introduction of immunotherapy to clinical practice, and improvement of diagnostic modality like FDG-PET are examples of them, and they have improved prognosis of lung cancer patients. In this session, we will discuss how treatment and diagnosis of lung cancer will change in the next decade, focusing on the field of chemotherapy including molecular targeted agents and immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and pathology

  Chair: Takehito Shukuya (Juntendo University, Japan)

  1. Chemotherapy for lung cancer in the next decade
     Yasushi Goto (National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan)
  2. Radiotherpy for lung cancer in the next decade
     Hideyuki Harada (Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan)
  3. Biomarker analysis for lung cancer in the next decade
     Junya Fujimoto (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA)
• ETS 22

  Future in oncoimmunology against thoracic cancer

  Session summary: Due to the clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy has achieved a significant impact on the treatment of thoracic malignancies. This Emerging Talent Symposium at APSR2021 features Immunotherapy and Cancer immunology on thoracic cancers. The goal of this symposium is to bring together diverse aspects of basic and clinical cancer immunology to help us better understand how to use the immune system to treat cancer. In this programme, researchers will present their prospects on novel immune therapies, biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors, and novel approaches to cancer immunity against thoracic cancer.

  Chairs: Nobuaki Kobayashi (Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  Zhang Xiaotong (Peking Union Medical College, China)

  1. Synthetic oligonucleotides for cancer immunotherapy
     Nobuaki Kobayashi (Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  2. Challenges for the establishment of biomarkers for immunotherapy in lung cancer
     Zhang Xiaotong (Peking Union Medical College, China)
  3. For a better understanding of Immune checkpoint inhibitors from clinical trials
     Niels Reinmuth (Asklepios Kliniken GmbH & Co., Germany)
• ETS 23

  Nation-wide multicenter studies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

  Session summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease in worldwide and known as a heterogeneous disease which have a various phenotype and pathophysiology. To understand its pathophysiology, it is required to consider such heterogeneity in clinical and basic research. Heterogeneity may exist in local distribution of patients, and patients’ habitus, lifestyle, and culture even in one particular country. For this reason, the importance of multicenter nation-wide studies has received a great attention in recent years, and many reports have been made. In this session we can discuss these data in countries from Asia-Pacific region and future direction.

  Chairs: Susumu Sato (Graduate school of medicine, Kyoto University, Japan)
  Yeon-Mok Oh (Asan Medical Center, Republic of Korea)

  1. Knowledges from COPD cohort studies in Japan
     Naoya Tanabe (Kyoto University, Japan)
  2. Knowledges from COPD cohort studies in Korean
     Chin Kook Rhee (Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea)
• ETS 24

  Challenges to prevent and control the outbreak of COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections in different countries

  Session summary: We have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic that is life-threating for people all over the world. For more than one and a half years, we have made a great effort to find effective therapeutic agents and treatment strategies and effective preventive strategies.

  Objectives of this symposium are below:
  - To share challenges to prevent and control the outbreak of COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections in different countries
  - To share lessons from both success and failure, e.g., development of systems for research, clinical trials, etc.
  - Then, we are going to discuss what we should do in order to overcome next wave of COVID-19 and other emerging respiratory tract infections in the future.

  Chairs: Yuichiro Shindo (Nagoya University Hospital, Japan)
  Yeming Wang (China-Japan Friendship Hospital, China)

  1. Epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic challenges in COVID-19 in Japan
     Yuichiro Shindo (Nagoya University Hospital, Japan)
  2. Epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic/preventive challenges in COVID-19 in other Asian areas (China, Korea, etc)  
     Yeming Wang (China-Japan Friendship Hospital, China)
  3. Epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic/preventive challenges in COVID-19 in European countries
     James D Chalmers (University of Dundee, UK)
• ETS 25

  The development of a novel therapeutic strategy for lung cancer; from bench to bedside

  Session summary: The intervention of systemic therapy for lung cancer cells has accelerated tumor evolution and leads to be acquired resistance. In addition, some patients are refractory to these therapies. Therefore, primary therapeutic intervention has a crucial role for the clinical outcome of such patients. Currently, promising novel strategies are being developed in clinical trials. In this symposium, we will discuss the cutting-edge for development of a novel therapeutic strategy in lung cancer, based on molecular biological aspects.

  Chairs: Tadaaki Yamada (Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan)
  In-Jae Oh (Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Republic of Korea)

  1. Overcoming drug tolerance to ALK inhibitor in ALK positive lung cancer
     Keiko Tanimura (Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan)
  2. EGFR-TKIs resistance promotes immune escape in lung cancer via increased PD-L1 expression
     Wei Wang (Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China)
  3. Co-Mutation in splicing factor with EGFR mutations limits sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs~Why are EGFR-TKIs less effective against EGFR L858R?
     Shigeki Nanjo (Kanazawa University, Japan / UCSF, USA)
• ETS 26

  How to detect driver mutations of lung cancer in clinical practice - current status and efforts

  Session summary: Examination of genetic alterations is essential for patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To detect mutations, there are methods using single plex and multiplex cancer gene panel test by Next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay. NGS enables the detection of large numbers of gene alterations simultaneously. But, The NGS tests require appropriate tissue size and tumor cell content. We want to share the current status of biomarker tests for driver mutations in clinical practice of each country and efforts to increase the success rate of NGS analysis.

  Chairs: Motoko Tachihara (Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)
  Satoru Miura (Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Japan)

  1. Current Status and Initiatives at Matsusaka Municipal Hospital
     Yoichi Nishii (Matsusaka Municipal Hospital Respiratory Center, Japan)
  2. DETECTION OF ONCOGENIC DRIVER MUTATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES
     Adam Fox (The Medical University of South Carolina, USA)
• ETS 27

  Review of BAL in Interstitial Lung Disease diagnosis

  Session summary: In recent years, the usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) has been increasing, and the IPF and HP guidelines are reviewing the evaluation of cellular components as important information for definitive diagnosis. In addition to diagnostic evaluation using cell fractions, research is also being conducted to explore pathogenesis and etiology, such as microbiome and proteome analysis using liquid components. We should discuss the clinical significance of BAL from various perspectives in order to develop research using BALF.

  Chairs: Yuko Waseda (University of Fukui, Japan)
  Sun Mi Choi (Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea)

  1. Morphological evaluation of BAL
     Yuko Waseda (University of Fukui, Japan)
  2. Evaluation of liquid component of BAL
     Sun Mi Choi (Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea)
  3. Evaluation of cellular component of BAL
     Sara Tomassetti (Careggi University Hospital, Italy)