A selection of publications with educational value in
Respiratory Structure and Function
Most recently added articles listed first
- Trajectory of Lung Function in Diabetic Adults: A 16-year Follow-up Study of Community-based Prospective Cohorts
(Table 3 of 10.1111/resp.14658)
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Wonsuk Choi, Joon Ho Moon, Hayoung Choi, Hyun Lee, Hee Kyung Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang and Nam H Cho (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14658)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14658/full (April 2024)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
In an attempt to demonstrate an association between diabetes mellitus and lung function, this community cohort of 6,483 middle-aged and older adults in Korea underwent serial lung function testing over sixteen years. At baseline, participants with diabetes had significantly lower FEV1, FEV1 % predicted, FVC, FVC % predicted, and FEV1/FVC, even after adjustment for covariates (age, sex, height, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking status, exercise status, and education level). Longitudinal analysis shows a higher rate of decline in those with diabetes compared with those with normoglycaemia. This study strengthens the argument for an association between impaired glycaemic control and impaired lung function.20240327 - Supranormal lung function: Prevalence, associated factors and clinical manifestations across the lifespan
(Figure 3 of 10.1111/resp. 14553)
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Caspar Schiffers, Rosa Faner, Alina Ofenheimer, Owat Sunanta, Patricia Puchhammer, Tobias Mraz, Marie-Kathrin Breyer, Otto Chris Burghuber, Sylvia Hartl, Alvar Agustí, Robab Breyer-Kohansal (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14553)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14553/full (September 2023)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
Supranormal spirometry values in an individual patient are of uncertain significance. In this report, authors evaluate an Austrian general population cohort to identify the prevalence of supranormal forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrates that female sex, higher muscle mass, less diabetes, and fewer respiratory symptoms were all associated with supranormal spirometry results. Supranormal spirometry was associated with higher static lung volumes and lower specific airway resistance.20230822 - Predictors of longitudinal changes in body weight, muscle and fat in patients with and ever-smokers at risk of COPD
(Figure 4 of 10.1111/resp. 14537)
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Akio Yamazaki, Daisuke Kinose, Satoru Kawashima, Yoko Tsunoda, Yumiko Matsuo, Yasuki Uchida, Hiroaki Nakagawa, Masafumi Yamaguchi, Emiko Ogawa, Yasutaka Nakano (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14537)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14537/full (September 2023)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
It is known that having Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease results in increased energy expenditure, and that both weight loss and muscle loss are associated with poorer outcomes. In this study, the authors assessed annual body composition changes using computed tomography in a cohort of patients with COPD or at risk for COPD. Participants experienced an annual loss of weight and height, with no change in their body mass index, while decreased muscle mass and increased fat mass were noted over time. Muscle loss was most obvious in those with reduced lung function.20230719 - Respiratory muscle metabolic activity on PET/CT correlates with obstructive ventilatory defect severity and prognosis in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery
(Figure 1 of 10.1111/resp.14475)
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Kinan El Husseini, Jean-Marc Baste, Anne-Charlotte Bouyeure-Petit, Elodie Lhuillier, Antoine Cuvelier, Pierre Decazes, Pierre Vera, Thomas Similowski, Maxime Patout (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14475)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14475/full (December 2022)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
Although reporting of bronchoprovocation testing relies heavily on a change in FEV1 following exposure to the provoking agent, it is plausible that other lung function parameters might provide additional information in the assessment of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In this study, the authors performed lung volume estimation using body plethysmography as part of their protocol for methacholine challenge testing. They demonstrate that specific airway conductance (sGaw) is reduced in a substantial number of patients that did not achieve a reduction of 20% in FEV1, and suggest that incorporation of sGaw leads to a higher sensitivity for AHR.20230428 - Validation of the clinical utility of sGaw as a response variable in methacholine challenge testing Jacqueline Parker, Allison Tzeng, Shawn Wayne, Jeffrey M Haynes, Charles G Irvin, David A Kaminsky (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14431)
(Figure 1 of 10.1111/resp.14431)
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14431/full (December 2022)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
Although reporting of bronchoprovocation testing relies heavily on a change in FEV1 following exposure to the provoking agent, it is plausible that other lung function parameters might provide additional information in the assessment of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In this study, the authors performed lung volume estimation using body plethysmography as part of their protocol for methacholine challenge testing. They demonstrate that specific airway conductance (sGaw) is reduced in a substantial number of patients that did not achieve a reduction of 20% in FEV1, and suggest that incorporation of sGaw leads to a higher sensitivity for AHR.20230402 - Ipsilateral and contralateral hemidiaphragm dynamics in symptomatic pleural effusion: The 2nd PLeural Effusion And Symptom Evaluation (PLEASE-2) Study Deirdre B Fitzgerald, Sanjeevan Muruganandan, Carolyn J Peddle-McIntyre, Y C Gary Lee and Bhajan Singh (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14307)
(Figure 5 of 10.1111/resp. 14307)
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14307/full (June 2022)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
This fascinating paper reports the result of bedside ultrasonographic evaluation of both ipsilateral and contralateral diaphragmatic function in patients presenting with unilateral pleural effusion, before and after pleurocentesis. Contralateral hemidiaphragmatic excursion increased in inverse proportion to ipsilateral hemidiaphragmatic excursion, with subsequent normalisation on both sides after drainage. Improvement in ipsilateral excursion correlated with improvement in dyspnoea. These novel findings suggest the need for further study of ventilatory drive and the mechanics of both hemidiaphragms in the setting of pleural effusion, and their association with dyspnoea.20220912 - Long term impact of coal mine fire smoke on lung mechanics in exposed adults Nicolette R Holt BSc, Caroline X Gao BEng, MBiostats, Brigitte M Borg, David Brown, Jonathan C Broder, Jillian Ikin, Annie Makar, Thomas McCrabb, Kris Nilsen, Bruce R Thompson, Michael J Abramson (DOI: 10.1111/resp.14102)
Figure 1 of 10.1111/resp.14102
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.14102/full (Sep 2021)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
The authors of this paper illustrate the use of the forced oscillation technique to evaluate lung mechanics in people exposed to PM2.5 particulate matter after a fire in an open-cut brown coal mine in Hazelwood, Australia. Comparison with local residents who were not exposed to the same air pollution demonstrates more negative respiratory system reactance.20210819 - Acute effects of e-cigarette vaping on pulmonary function and airway inflammation in healthy individuals and in patients with asthma Serafeim-Chrysovalantis Kotoulas, Athanasia Pataka, Kalliopi Domvri, Dionisios Spyratos, Paraskevi Katsaounou, Konstantinos Porpodis, Evangelia Fouka, Aikaterini Markopoulou, Katalin Passa-Fekete, Ioanna Grigoriou, Theodoros Kontakiotis, Paraskevi Argyropoulou and Despoina Papakosta
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13806/full (October 2020)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
The rapid escalation in 'vaping' using electronic nicotine delivery devices has not yet been matched by data demonstrating their safety. In a cohort of asthmatic patients taking regular inhaled corticosteroids, acute markers of airway inflammation and pulmonary function changed within five minutes of e-cigarette vaping and this did not occur in healthy controls. The authors discuss the implications for future research in both healthy subjects and patients with pre-existing obstructive lung diseases.20200917 - Composition of airway bacterial community correlates with chest HRCT in adults with bronchiectasis Katherine O’neill, Gisli G Einarsson, Stephen Rowan, Leanne Mcilreavey, Andrew J Lee, John Lawson, Tom Lynch, Alex Horsley, Judy M Bradley, J Stuart Elborn, and Michael M Tunney (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13653)
Table 3
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13653/full (Jan 2020)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
In this study the authors demonstrate associations between sputum bacterial community characteristics and both structural and clinical measures in patients with bronchiectasis. Increase in blood inflammatory markers levels correlated with lower bacterial diversity, while reduced bacterial diversity, richness and evenness were associated with structural abnormalities on HRCT. The authors suggest a potential role for pathogenic bacterial dominance contributing to disease state.20191218 - High-intensity inspiratory muscle training in bronchiectasis: A randomized controlled trial Ozge Ozalp, Deniz Inal-Ince, Aslihan Cakmak, Ebru Calik-Kutukcu, Melda Saglam, Sema Savci, Naciye Vardar-Yagli, Hülya Arikan, Jale Karakaya and Lütfi Coplu
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13397 (Mar 2019)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
This study evaluates the effect of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Two of the three weekly sessions were performed in the patients' homes using a threshold loading device. Improvements in shuttle walk distance and respiratory muscle strength and endurance are noted, along with the social dimension of quality of life. Treatment was well tolerated.20190227 - Exertional hypoxemia is more severe in fibrotic interstitial lung disease than in COPD Jean P Du Plessis, Senan Fernandes, Rakin Jamal, Pat Camp, Kerri Johannson, Michele Schaeffer, Pearce G Wilcox, Jordan A Guenette and Christopher J Ryerson (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13226)
Figure 1
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13226/full (Apr 2018)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
Clinicians have long relied on extrapolation of data from COPD studies to inform decision making around oxygen supplementation in patients with other chronic lung diseases. This study demonstrates a difference between patients with fibrotic ILDs and COPD in the degree of exertional oxygen desaturation, raising important questions about the appropriateness of extrapolation.20180320 - Short-term respiratory effects of e-cigarettes in healthy individuals and smokers with asthma Andreas S Lappas, Anna S Tzortzi, Efstathia M Konstantinidi, Stephanie I Teloniatis, Chara K Tzavara, Sofia A Gennimata, Nikolaos G Koulouris and Panagiotis K Behrakis (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13180)
Table 1
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13180/full (Mar 2018)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
The authors of this paper describe the immediate effects of e-cigarette inhalation in mild asthmatic patients and healthy smokers. Using impulse oscillometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels they demonstrate immediate effects which persisted longer in the asthmatic patients.20180215 - Small airway disease: A different phenotype of early stage COPD associated with biomass smoke exposure Dongxing Zhao, Yumin Zhou, Changbin Jiang, Zhuxiang Zhao, Fang He And Pixin Ran (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13176)
Table 1
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13176/full (Feb 2018)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
The authors of this paper describe the distinct pathology, physiology and radiology findings in a cohort of patients with biomass smoke exposure associated COPD compared with COPD related to cigarette smoking. They provide evidence of a distinct COPD phenotype that warrants further study.20180126 - History of pulmonary tuberculosis affects the severity and clinical outcomes of COPD Hye Jung Park, Min Kwang Byun, Hyung Jung Kim, Chul Min Ahn, Deog Kyeom Kim, Yu Il Kim, Jin Young Oh, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Kwang-Ha Yoo and Ki Suck Jung (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13147)
Figure 2
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13147/full (Jan 2018)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
The authors of this paper describe a cohort of patients with COPD who were stratified based on self-report of prior history of tuberculosis infection. Patients who admitted to prior Tb had more severe symptoms of COPD, poorer lung function and more frequent exacerbations. This difference was noted despite a lower prevalence of ongoing smoking in the tuberculosis group.20171208 - Usefulness of a routine endoscopic assessment of laryngeal lesions after lung cancer surgery Alex Fourdrain, Florence De Dominicis, Jules Iquille, Sophie Lafitte, Geoni Merlusca, Alejandro Witte Pfister, Patrick Bagan and Pascal Berna (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13139)
Table 3
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13139/full (Jan 2018)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
Vocal cord dysfunction is not uncommon in patients after lung cancer resection, and this study demonstrates a significant association with poor post-operative outcomes including pneumonia, need for bronchoscopy and re-intubation. The authors recommend routine laryngeal screening within 24h of surgery, although treatment outcomes were not assessed in this study.20171208 - Spirometry reference values for population aged 7–80 years in China: Jingzhou Zhang, Xiao Hu and Guangliang Shan (DOI: 10.1111/resp.13118)
Table 2
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13118/full (Nov 2017)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
Using data from the China National Health Survey 2012–2015, the authors of this paper propose spirometry prediction equations for a general Chinese population aged 7–80 years. Their equations compare favourably to those developed in more heterogeneous cohorts.20171027 - CT-determined pulmonary artery to aorta ratio as a predictor of elevated pulmonary artery pressure and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Mitsuaki Yagi, Hiroyuki Taniguchi, Yasuhiro Kondoh, Masahiko Ando, Tomoki Kimura, Kensuke Kataoka, Taiki Furukawa, Atsushi Suzuki, Takeshi Johkoh & Oshinori Hasegawa.
Figure 2
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10.1111/resp.13066 (Oct 2017)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
The PA:A ratio as measured on chest CT scan has been demonstrated to predict pulmonary hypertension in some studies. In this cohort PA:A > 0.9 is found to predict both elevated mPAP and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.20170920 - Home-based telerehabilitation via real-time videoconferencing improves endurance exercise capacity in patients with COPD: The randomized controlled TeleR Study Ling Ling Y Tsai, Renae J McNamara, Chloe Moddel, Jennifer A Alison, David K McKenzie & Zoe J McKeough 10.1111/resp.12966 (May 2017)
The respiratory telerehabilitation (TeleR) trial team from Sydney, Australia
(Click image to enlarge)Despite the clear health benefits in COPD patients, participation in pulmonary rehabilitation is variable with potential barriers including reduced mobility, lack of transport or travel costs. This randomised controlled trial evaluates home-based telerehabilitation compared with usual care and finds improved endurance exercise capacity and self-efficacy in the treatment group. Telerehabilitation might be an alternative option for pulmonary rehabilitation in those unable to attend centralised programmes. Table 3 presents outcomes for special consideration.
20170415 - Frailty is common and strongly associated with dyspnoea severity in fibrotic interstitial lung disease, Kathryn M Milne, Joanne M Kwan, Sabina Guler, Tiffany A Winstone, Angela Le, Nasreen Khalil, Pat G Camp, Pearce G Wilcox & Christopher J Ryerson
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10.1111/resp.12944 (May 2017)Prognosis in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung diseases can vary significantly. In this study, the authors demonstrate that Frailty is highly prevalent in a cohort of patients with fibrotic ILD and strongly associated with dyspnoea severity. The authors propose a potential role for frailty assessment in identifying patients at risk of complications from invasive procedures or medical therapies, and/or mortality.
20170415 Pulmonary Rehabilitation Guidelines for Australia and New Zealand Jennifer A Alison, Zoe J McKeough, Kylie Johnston, Renae J McNamara, Lissa M Spencer, Sue C Jenkins, Catherine J Hill, Vanessa M McDonald, Peter Frith, Paul Cafarella, Michelle Brooke, Helen L Cameron-Tucker, Sarah Candy, Nola Cecins, Andrew S L Chan, Marita T Dale, Leona M Dowman, Catherine Granger, Simon Halloran, Peter Jung, Annemarie L Lee, Regina Leung, Tamara Matulick, Christian Osadnik, Mary Roberts, James Walsh, Sally Wootton, Anne E Holland, on behalf of the Lung Foundation Australia and the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand 10.1111/resp.13025 (Apr 2017)
The aim of these Guidelines is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the practice of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) specific to Australian and New Zealand healthcare contexts.
These first-ever pulmonary rehabilitation Guidelines for Australia and New Zealand were launched (24-28 March 2017) at the TSANZSRS Annual Scientific Meeting in Canberra, Australia (24-28 March 2017), and were drawn up following a systematic review of over 275 clinical trials.
The Guidelines recommend that all COPD patients should be offered pulmonary rehabilitation regardless of their disease severity.
See the full Editorial for these important Guidelines at onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.13039/full
20170329Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017 Report Claus F Vogelmeier, Gerard J Criner, Fernando J Martinez, Antonio Anzueto, Peter J Barnes, Jean Bourbeau, Bartolome R Celli, Rongchang Chen, Marc Decramer, Leonardo M Fabbri, Peter Frith, David M G Halpin, M Victorina López Varela, Masaharu Nishimura, Nicolas Roche, Roberto Rodriguez-Roisin, Don D Sin, Dave Singh, Robert Stockley, Jørgen Vestbo, Jadwiga A Wedzicha and Alvar Agusti 10.1111/resp.13012 (Apr 2017)
This Executive Summary focuses primarily on the revised and novel parts of the document, including:
- the assessment of COPD has been refined to separate the spirometric assessment from symptom evaluation. ABCD groups are now proposed to be derived exclusively from patient symptoms and their history of exacerbations;
- for each of the groups A to D, escalation strategies for pharmacological treatments are proposed;
- the concept of de-escalation of therapy is introduced in the treatment assessment scheme;
- nonpharmacologic therapies are comprehensively presented;
- the importance of comorbid conditions in managing COPD is reviewed.
20170205- Bronchoscopy assessment of acute respiratory failure in interstitial lung disease Antonella Arcadu & Teng Moua DOI: 10.1111/resp.12909
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12909/full (Feb 2017)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
This study examines the utility of bronchoscopy in patients admitted with acute exacerbations of interstitial lung disease. Although a relatively low diagnostic yield is identified, significant potential complications are noted and there is no in-hospital mortality benefit seen in those undergoing the procedure.20170131 - Role of BMI, airflow obstruction, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire and age index in prognostication of Asian COPD. Chan et al. (resp12877/RES-16-062.R2)
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12877/full (Jan 2017)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
This study identifies important risk factors for mortality in Asian patients with COPD, and develops a prognosis model that is easy to use. Further validation studies will be required to assess its utility.20161220 - Airway stenting in the management of iatrogenic tracheal injuries: 10-Year experience Tazi-Mezalek et al. DOI: 10.1111/resp.12853
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12853/full (Jul 2016)Comment by Dr Mark Lavercombe:
This paper describes the experience of managing a very rare complication of endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy, including the nature and anatomical distribution of the injuries. Finally, outcomes using different treatment approaches is discussed.20161021 Insulin resistance is associated with skeletal muscle weakness in COPD. Wells et al.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12716/abstract (Dec 2015)20160819Differences in baseline factors and survival between normocapnia, compensated respiratory acidosis and decompensated respiratory acidosis in COPD exacerbation: A pilot study. Lun et al.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12652/abstract (Oct 2015)20160819Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol added to tiotropium compared with tiotropium alone in patients with severe or very severe COPD: A randomized, multicentre study in East Asia. Lee et al.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12646/abstract (Sep 2015)20160819Mother's smoking and complex lung function of offspring in middle age: A cohort study from childhood. Perret et al.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12750/abstract (Mar 2016)
(FREE access: Editor's Choice)20160819Effect of long-term treatment with corticosteroids on skeletal muscle strength, functional exercise capacity and health status in patients with interstitial lung disease. Hanada et al.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12807/abstract (May 2016)
(FREE access: Editor's Choice; Editorial: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12843/abstract)20160819
